The artistic model of the world in Kazakh prose

Abstract

This article explores the artistic model of the world in Kazakh prose through the prism of national spirituality as a system-forming principle of artistic thought. The authors proceed from the premise that spirituality, as the core of national identity, determines the ideological coordinates of the individual and finds its fullest expression in literary text. Using works by Abai Kunanbayev, Shakarim Kudaiberdiev, Zhusupbek Aimauytov, Oralkhan Bokeyev, and Mukhtar Magauin, the authors analyze the characteristics of this modeling of the world, reflecting the evolution of the spiritual, moral, and aesthetic concepts of the Kazakh people from the late 19th century to the present day. Methodologically, the study is based on the works of M.Bakhtin and G.Gachev, who expanded on the "model of the world" concept as a means of artistic comprehension of existence, as well as on hermeneutic, historical-functional, and comparative-historical approaches. It is shown that the artistic model of the world in Kazakh literature is formed within the context of the dialectic of tradition and innovation, where an individual author's worldview converges with the collective national consciousness. The analysis suggests that the national artistic model of the world is founded on categories of spirituality, morality, and mythological worldview, ensuring the continuity of values and the preservation of ethnic identity. Myth, as a universal cultural code, serves as the most important structural element of literary world-modeling, allowing for the connection of history's temporal layers with modernity. Thus, Kazakh prose of the 20th and 21st centuries represents a unique artistic paradigm in which the synthesis of philosophical, ethical, religious, and mythological principles forms a holistic image of the national cosmos that reflects the universal humanistic orientations of Kazakh culture.