Ethno-linguocultural features of speech etiquette in Kazakh and English languages

Abstract

The article is devoted to the identification of linguocultural features of speech etiquette in Kazakh and English languages. Speech etiquette consists of stereotypical language formulas used in a speech act and, if necessary, in communication.

The aim of the study is to identify ethno-linguistic and linguocultural features of speech etiquette formulas in Kazakh and English languages. To implement this goal, samples of etiquette units in Kazakh and English - greetings, farewells, salutations, condolences, congratulations and wishes, addresses - were selected and analysed according to the nature of application, ethno-linguo-cultural character.

Based on the rational methods and techniques used in the study, it has been proved that the patterns of greeting and farewell in Kazakh are based on ethnic cognition. It was also determined that in Kazakh greeting one dialogue rejoinder consists of several sentences. This reflects the national ethnomental specificity. In contrast, the pattern of greetings in English etiquette is short, concise and interrogative sentences corresponding to the ethnocultural specificity of the nation.

It was found that farewell patterns are frequently used in the speech etiquette of both languages and their place is constant and the types are numerous. The thematic group of farewell patterns in English etiquette is defined and systematised. The features in the greeting and address patterns are analysed, and the types of politeness level in English etiquette are analysed on the basis of specific examples.

The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that the research contributes to the development of comparative linguocultural studies, the theory of intercultural communication and linguopragmatics, clarification and description of the concept of ‘etiquette model of behaviour’.

Practical significance of the work consists in the possibility of using the obtained results in the courses of general linguistics, intercultural communication, lexicology and stylistics of English and Kazakh languages, special courses on linguoculturology and pragmalinguistics, practice of teaching English and Kazakh as a foreign language.