SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS AND CLASSIFICATION OF ERGONYMS

Abstract

The article examines ergonyms as an important field of onomastics and their role in the urban linguistic landscape. Proper names are considered key linguistic units that reflect the national worldview, culture, and language of a people. The study defines the place of ergonyms within the system of proper names, including anthroponyms, toponyms, ethnonyms, pragmatonyms, and chrematonyms. Ergonyms, as the names of institutions, organizations, businesses, and service establishments, are closely connected with the socio-economic development of modern society. The paper analyzes the influence of economic, historical, cultural, social, and globalization processes on urban naming practices. It also highlights the informative, expressive, and persuasive functions of ergonyms in attracting consumers and shaping the linguistic image of the city. Particular attention is paid to the classification of ergonyms, which remains an important and insufficiently explored area of onomastic research. The study emphasizes the need to preserve national and cultural values in naming urban objects, promote names consistent with the norms of the Kazakh language, and critically assess the influence of foreign-language names. The findings contribute to the systematization of ergonyms and to the further development of the theoretical and practical foundations of Kazakh onomastics.