Etymological features of toponymic names of the Abay region

Abstract

Currently, the field of toponymy is an integral science that studies
geographical names from the point of view of etymology, linguistics, history and geography,
providing extensive information from the past of a certain people. That is, when analyzing a
toponymic unit, attention is drawn to the origin, age, history and grammatical structure of a
geographical name. According to the grammatical structure of toponyms, as well as other linguistic
units, in the process of formation, they adhere to the phonetic, morphological and word-formation
rules of the language. From the point of view of the word-formation structure, they can be divided
into "simple", "derived" and "complex" structures. Since toponymic names are considered as a
reflection of the everyday life of ordinary people, historical social, linguistic and cultural aspects,
the main features that create a toponym are recognized as historical events of the region that take
place in history, personalities, geographical features of the region, from the side associated with
the daily life of the people.
The article examines the history of the origin of toponyms of the Abai region in the
etymological aspect, compares word-formation, typological structures, lexico-semantic features,
dynamics of development, similarities. In the toponymic system of the Abai region, there are a
large number of ethnonyms, names of clans and tribes, names of historical figures, names of
legendary characters, which attracted our attention and allowed us to study the toponymy of the
region in the historical aspect. The main purpose of the article is the historical and linguistic study
of the toponyms of the Abai region and the systematization of their origin.