The substructure of Abay’s poem texts

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the basic principles of the structuralism method and its
significance in modern literary criticism. The conclusions of the structuralists are compared and systematized
according to the sign system. According to experts in structuralism and semiotics, any object or phenomenon
can play the role of a symbol in a literary work of art if it is cognized through a sign structure. Understanding
the sign structure is very important in understanding the symbolic meaning of a word. From this point of view,
the author studies the reflection of the poet’s thinking through the word.
It is especially important to demonstrate the literary mastery of the poet by considering in the semiotic aspect
the symbolic samples in the texts of Abai’s poems, which are the best examples of Kazakh poetry. The statement
that Abai’s poetic heritage is a unique example of an impeccable combination of worldview and poetic thinking
is reflected here. In the expressions and concepts that sparkle the poet’s lyrics, the highest level and world scale
of his poems, which have become the best examples of literary depiction, are even more vividly manifested.
Based on the analysis of examples, the author comes to the conclusion that expression with the help of symbolic
descriptions of life philosophy and mood motives is characteristic of many of Abai’s works.