Bulletin of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. PHILOLOGY Series

The linguoaxiological aspect: the current characteristics of parental linguistic behavior

B.A. Abdykhanova — 2025-03-30

The article explores how language manifests concepts of values, which adapt and transform in accordance with the socio-cultural context, and the changes they undergo in the current globalized environment. The importance of studying the issue of parental linguistic behavior is approached as a key topic. To determine and assess the contemporary nature of this issue, the article examines fundamental aspects of axiology, including the relationship between language and cultural values. It also analyzes the role of linguistic units as indicators of parents' worldviews and their influence on shaping relationships with children. Educational models historically employed in raising children within the Kazakh nation are presented through examples from literary works. These models are necessary for conducting a comparative analysis and evaluation of traditional and modern methods of upbringing. Examples of motivational practices previously used in child-rearing are proposed. The associative analysis results presented in the article serve as linguistic cues for parents. Examples drawn from social media highlight contemporary shifts in youth perspectives and attitudes. Furthermore, the survey's linguistic data can be used as proof that social issues have a significant impact on how parents raise their children, how families interact, and how children develop their values.

Problems of unity of language and thinking in the process of terminological nomination

K.Zh. Aidarbek — 2025-03-30

The main aspect of semiotic research in linguistics is the question of the connection between the three components: the sign, the signified (the subject of meaning), and the signifier (how meaning is made). The authors of the article consider the processes of representation of sign in the form of linguistic means through an alternative form of nomination. They conclude that the alternative nominations study requires a thorough method analysis of nominations. Modern trends in terminology are aimed at a comprehensive description of the terminological nomination processes. It is characterized by the predominance of some types of nomination over others, and the connection of certain types of nomination with various linguistic reality spheres. Establishing such specificity for a specific terminology system is a result of a terminology process study, inherent in this area of the nomination. The relevance of this issue became the basis for this article, in which the terminological nomination is based on a practical analysis of the term formation process. Considering the relevance of both semiotics from a modern linguistics point of view, they show that the nomination process is an indicator of the thought and language unity.

Decolonial position in the formation of the term

S.K. Aliszhan — 2025-03-30

This article explores the decolonial position in Kazakh term formation, emphasizing linguistic decolonization as a means of restoring national identity. The concept of decoloniality seeks to reclaim original values in terminology, ensuring the communicative function of language in scientific discourse. Without this orientation, national scientific understanding cannot fully develop. The article clarifies the decolonial approach to term formation and examines linguistic mechanisms lost due to political influences. It also highlights the legacy of Alash intellectuals, particularly A. Baitursynuly, in shaping terminology. A decolonial stance in term formation fosters scientific concepts in the native language, contributing to the development of Kazakh scientific consciousness and expanding the state language’s application. Using scientific sources, the article analyzes the negative impact of post-Soviet ideology on Kazakh scientific discourse and highlights new trends in terminology since independence. It presents literature on linguistic decolonization and terminology, offering insights into emerging directions in term formation and enhancing linguistic competence across various fields.

Transparency of literary onomastics in the situation of foreign language reception

Zh.А. Bayanbayeva — 2025-03-30

This article examines the specifics of the perception of a literary onomasticon in the coordinates of a foreign cultural and national tradition. Theoretical works in the field of onomastics were used as a methodological basis. The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the fact that onomastics is included in the system of pragmatic and syntagmatic relations in the structure of the artistic context and is designed for an adequate level of reader perception. The novelty of the research consists in an attempt to systematize a range of problems related to the semantic, stylistic and emotive relevance of the onomasticon of original and translated texts. It is proved that in the space of foreign language culture, mentality, a folklore name, like the name of a fabulous literary character, loses its versatility, and informative capacity. The problem is partly solved by substitute translation or intra-phrasal commentary. It is concluded that the successful solution to the problem of transparency of literary onomastics is associated with the need for a thorough analysis of the original text and with finding the closest correspondences in the mental, linguistic and socio-cultural orientation of the foreign-speaking recipient.

The concept of "mind" in the language world of Abai

K.T. Bibekov — 2025-03-30

The article employs the linguo-conceptological approach to analyse the semantic sphere of verbalisation and definition of the "mind" concept in Abai's language. To the best of the present author's knowledge, the concept of "mind" in Abai's works has not previously been the subject of research in Kazakh linguistics. The concept of "mind" in Abai's language is closely connected with the worldview of the Kazakh people, Islamic knowledge, and holds meanings and semantic features unique to the poet's creativity. The linguistic expression of this concept, as evidenced by the employment of terms such as mind, science, thought, eyes, ray, and intellect, is manifested in phrases like "cold mind", "icy cold mind," "radiant mind," "the eyes of mind," "fair mind or righteous reason" and "mind" thereby acquiring a heightened degree of concreteness within the context of the text. The concept of "mind" encompasses qualities such as cognition, science—mastery of knowledge, differentiation of benefit and harm, comparison, verification, analysis, etc. In Abai's linguistic world, the concept of "mind" is measurable. This measurability is not indicative of an inability to perceive the otherworldly, but rather, it is a testament to one's capacity to recognize Allah. Abai highlights the dynamic and evolving nature of the mind.

Phraseological uses in the text of detective prose

T.S. Gabdrakhman — 2025-03-30

The article explores phraseological uses in the language of fiction works of the detective genre. The object of the study is the work of Kemel Tokayev, who wrote the first works of this genre in Kazakh literature, including the works "The soldier went to war", "Shot at night", "Flood". The works of the writer, written in the genre of adventure prose, occupy a large place in Kazakh literature. The purpose of the article is to identify the linguistic and stylistic features of phraseological units of the Kazakh detective genre. In this regard, the tasks of analyzing the use, function, and style of stable expressions were set. It is noted that in the works taken on the object of research, the potential of phraseological units is widely used: both national phraseological units and literary phraseological units, the original use of the writer are freely used. The article examines how phraseological units in a detective novel influence the behavior of the characters, the creation of an atmosphere of tension and the development of the plot. The results of the study allow us to better understand how phraseological units interact with other linguistic means to achieve the author's goal in detective literature.

Associative experiment and linguistic consciousness

L.A. Espekova — 2025-03-30

The article highlights the role of the associative experiment in studying ethnic consciousness within the framework of modern anthropocentric paradigms. It is recognized as a method actively used in the comprehensive study of linguistic consciousness. Speaking about the problem of language and ethnicity, we will talk about its peculiarity in the cognition of the linguistic picture of the world. Taking ethnographisms as an object of study is an important factor in recognizing national and cultural characteristics. During the experiment, ten stimulus words from semantic groups of ethnographisms related to time, household items, distance and crafts were considered. During it, several groups of reaction words were identified, and their percentage indicators were differentiated. Based on the analysis, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of reaction words used as a feature and having an evaluative nature, forming one semantic field with stimulus words, were analysed. The collected materials show that the consciousness of Kazakh youth retains information formed in the traditions and way of life of the people. This allows them to recognize the model of the world, the conceptual picture of the world, and the national and cognitive features characteristic of society.

Linguistic erosion: the risk of losing Kazakh and English toponyms under the influence of dominant languages and cultures

B.J. Karayeva — 2025-03-30

This article examines the phenomenon of linguistic erosion as reflected in the replacement or distortion of Kazakh and English toponyms under the influence of dominant languages and cultures. The main objective is to identify the mechanisms behind the loss of traditional place names and propose strategies for their preservation. The author outlines the key theoretical foundations of linguistic erosion and emphasizes its practical significance for maintaining cultural diversity and historical continuity. The study’s originality lies in its comparative analysis of Kazakh and English toponymy, which have been mostly studied in separate contexts. The methodology combines historical-linguistic and sociolinguistic approaches, supplemented by archival research and case studies from specific regions. The main findings show that globalization, urbanization, and political factors accelerate the displacement of local toponyms, weakening intergenerational ties to their cultural heritage. The conclusion highlights the need for legislative protection, educational initiatives, and community involvement to safeguard toponymic heritage. The contribution of this article to the field is its systematic examination of linguistic erosion through a comparative lens, illustrating how similar processes affect different linguistic environments. In practical terms, the proposed measures can inform governmental and regional programs aimed at preserving linguistic heritage.

Problems of unification of the functioning of approved terms (based on textbooks, dictionaries and legislative documents)

S.K. Kulmanov — 2025-03-30

The article is devoted to the comparison of some terms used in school textbooks, terminological explanatory and industry dictionaries with the variants approved by the Republican Terminological Commission (hereinafter – the Term Committee), and their application in legislation, as well as the application of some terms approved by the Term Committee. As a result of the study, the following points were identified on the use of some terms in school textbooks: the variants of terms approved by the Term Committee were not used; the same term is given a different definition in each class; there are also long, incorrectly formed definitions that do not take into account the age of students; finally, one term is assigned a different definition. The following points have been identified on the use of certain terms in terminological explanatory and industry dictionaries: The Term Committee has approved different versions of the same term in different years; terms in several industry dictionaries have been translated in different versions; several doublet versions of the same term are found in dictionaries; some terms are not used in legislation; some terms are not approved by the Term Committee.

The expression of the concept of "Zher-Ana" in Kazakh cognition

A.M. Melis — 2025-03-30

The article classifies the semantic fields "tugan zher", "atazhurt", "el korgau", which reveal the essence of considering the concept of "Zher-Ana" as a concept, and the content is determined by analyzing language units. The study of concepts makes it possible to better understand the mentality, spirit, and soul of the people, to see the world picture of the same nation through the eyes of the same nation. By explaining the concept, one can determine the features of the thinking, worldview of the entire nation, people, from individuals to social groups. Since culture encompasses all the achievements that arise from the minds and foreheads of the human race, the meaning of the word culture is broad. It is especially necessary to cognitively consider lexemes as cultural concepts that reflect the specifics of the nation, the concept of cognition, thought, that is, in a word, cultural essence. Considering what the concept of "Zher-Ana" gives in Kazakh knowledge, we can recognize the life, national identity, and worldview of the people. By studying the concept of "Zher-Ana", we can formulate human thoughts and concepts and determine the cognitive nature of language. The purpose of the article is to classify such semantic fields as "tugan zher", "atazhurt", "el korgau", which reveal the content of the concept of "Zher-Ana", and to prove it by analyzing linguistic data. The object of the study of the article is Proverbs and sayings related to the Earth, works written by poets and writers about it.

Sound harmony and its evolution in foreign Turkic studies

I. Samatov — 2025-03-30

The concept of sound harmony, including both vowel and consonant harmony, has long been a defining phonological feature of Turkic languages. This characteristic, deeply rooted in the history of these languages, attracted the attention of foreign scholars as early as the 19th century. Initial studies focused on vowel harmony, recognizing it as a systematic and unique trait. Over time, as interest in Turkic phonology grew, researchers expanded their scope to include consonant harmony and its significance. The article explores the phenomenon of sound harmony, analyzing its evolution within foreign studies on Turkic languages. It highlights sound harmony as a universal linguistic model, reflecting both stereotypical and national features across diverse Turkic languages. The study emphasizes the cognitive and structural dimensions of sound harmony, investigating its phonetic, structural, and semantic patterns. Using structural-semantic modeling, the article traces the consistency of sound harmony in modern Turkic languages and its role in broader phonological frameworks. Drawing on works by scholars like Gerard Clauson, William Schmalstieg, and Karlene Kenyon, the article delves into the historical development, phonological systems, and morphological implications of sound harmony. It underscores its enduring influence on the linguistic and cultural identity of Turkic peoples, shaped by phonetic, diachronic, and cultural factors.

Specifics of the national character of Kazakh and English peoples

B. Khalym — 2025-03-30

The study describes the national character of the Kazakh and English peoples. The purpose of the work is to identify the features of manifestation of national character in two languages based on proverbs and sayings or phrases which are typical for each nation. During the research, specific examples from proverbs and sayings characteristic of the Kazakh and English people will be given, and their meaning is revealed. The conclusions of domestic and foreign researchers who have conducted research on this topic are considered. Various character traits corresponding to the traditional psychology and worldview of the two peoples are characterized. Their mutual differences and similarities are formulated. To study the methods of describing the national character in lexical-phraseological expressions and proverbs, the methods of reasoning, analysis, comparison are used. Based on semantic analysis, behavioural features of two nations are determined in terms of habitat, customs and traditions, the nature of social knowledge and relationships between people. The essence of the concepts of national culture and national character is differentiated and determined by objective character. To identify proverbs and sayings reflecting the specific character of behaviour inherent in both nations, the Internet resource https://melodict.com and the Oxford Dictionary of English idioms are used, and exact examples are summarized.

The constructive nature and functions of the corpus

S.S. Shokabayeva — 2025-03-30

The study aims to explore the concept of corpora and parallel corpora, their purpose, structural features, and role in machine translation. It provides an overview of corpus creation and proposes ways to leverage computational linguistics effectively for machine translation. Information on corpus structure and operational algorithms serves as a solid theoretical and practical foundation for research in this field. The research employs methods such as theoretical analysis, generalization, and questionnaires. The main findings indicate a high demand for the National Corpus of the Kazakh Language's capabilities. However, the corpus currently supports only a limited range of text processing functions and has several basic and technical shortcomings. Machine translation should become a key tool in enhancing the corpus’s functionality. To advance this, it is essential to develop parallel corpora within the existing framework. The study significantly contributes to the improvement of the National Corpus of the Kazakh Language. Its practical value lies in offering guidance on corpus structure, algorithms, and functionality, which can aid future researchers in conducting practical work on machine translation.

Creation and Validation of the Interview Guide: A Qualitative Part of the Validation of the Basic English Examination Project

K. Adamova — 2025-03-30

This paper describes the creation process of the interview guide creation and validation, which is one of the data collection tools for qualitative research design. The interview guide allows careful planning of the structure and content of the interview, that consequently may lead to getting deeper analysis within the amount and scope of information collected. To prepare a meaningful and insightful interview guide that covers all significant areas to be researched, it needs careful planning and preparation stage. The method implemented is based on two existing models for interview validation. The presented research portrays the process of interview guide design and formation, followed by a practical illustration of how, based on the existing framework, it can be validated and piloted for the research. It is important to mention that the major aim of the interview guide is to collect data for the qualitative part of the Basic English Examination and help to contribute to the validation process of this crucial assessment procedure from a broader perspective. Overall, the paper brings valuable insights into qualitative research and facilitates the effective production of the research tool or the improvement of the existing methodology.

Developing reading skills through authentic texts

A.S. Berdikulova — 2025-03-30

The reading of the texts should be related to real life, a person, and society. This concept is based on the requirements for texts as a communicative unit. The relevance of the problem is due to the need to choose effective ways to develop the reading skills of the target language. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to consider the possibility of organizing an effective communicative learning process and using authentic textual materials as an effective way of teaching a language. The theoretical part of the article reviews the work of scientists who studied the problem of teaching reading, based on authentic texts, as a means of teaching the language. As a result, the definitions of the concepts of "authenticity" and "authentic materials" in the works of scientists who considered ways to develop reading skills have been explored. The types of authentic texts were analyzed. Aspects of the use of authentic text materials are considered, and the stages of reading organization and types of tasks for each type of text are determined. In the practical part of the study, special attention was paid to the study of authentic information texts, which allow students to expand their vocabulary, learn the basics of an authentic text, and develop vocabulary skills. The issues raised in the article are of practical importance in terms of organizing work with authentic materials in foreign language classes and making a theoretical and practical contribution to the study of authenticity.

Evaluation of the possibilities of implementation of the American OPI test system and the determination of its effectiveness for the Kazakh language pronunciation subtest

Zh. Zh. Kuzembekova — 2025-03-30

This article examines the American OPI test system and its application to the speaking subtest in Kazakh language testing, considering future development. It argues that updating Kazakh language assessments with a focus on speaking can expand the language’s functional scope. The findings provide theoretical foundations for test developers in designing speaking tasks. The study employs methods of compilation, comparison, and analysis. As linguists and native speakers, we aim to promote the state language’s broader use and transition into everyday communication. This requires thorough research and the adoption of best global practices. Integrating the OPI test system into Kazakh language assessment, particularly its speaking component, is a necessary step. Since the speaking subtest enhances communicative skills and highlights key linguistic features, attention must be given to its format, content, and structure. Incorporating an internationally recognized system will further elevate the status of the Kazakh language.

Features of the formation of intercultural competence of foreign students in intercultural communication

A.E. Sadenova — 2025-03-30

The present article will focus on the relevance of the problem of intercultural communication in the educational process. In the educational process, it is necessary to take into account that if foreign students learn about the culture of the country, the educational process will be successful. The purpose of the article discusses the features of the formation of intercultural competence of foreign students in teaching and intercultural communication. It is important to teach students to see differences between cultures, to understand the characteristics of another culture, to overcome stereotypes, and to master speech etiquette, which generates trust and respect for another culture and allows them to feel confident in communication. The analysis of theoretical works is carried out. The practical significance of the work is also discussed. This material can be used as an application in the study of the problem of the formation of cultural competence in cultural communication, which is currently relevant both in the field and in language learning.

National idea in the lyrics of Nurlan Maukenuly

B.B. Kelgembayeva — 2025-03-30

The article examines the philosophical and social significance of the concept of national idea and its artistic embodiment in Kazakh poetry of the 1980s-1990s, particularly in the lyrics of Nurlan Maukenuly. According to the author, the art of words represents a unique form of social consciousness that aesthetically explores the national idea and awakens national self-awareness. In this context, the aim of the article is to analyze the manifestations of the national idea in the poetic works of N. Maukenuly and his contemporaries, such as T. Medetbek, T. Abdikakimov, and E. Raushanov. The researcher emphasizes the artistic mastery of these poets in conveying the national idea and awakening national consciousness. Special attention is given to N. Maukenuly’s poetic power, his philosophical reflections on pressing issues of the past and present, as well as his ability to reveal the contradictions of Kazakhstani society. The author provides concrete examples proving that Nurlan’s poetry revives the spirit of nationhood and heroism characteristic of the works of Asan Kaigy, Kaztugan, Shalkiyz, Dospambet, Bukhar, Aktamberdi, and Makhambet. Moreover, the article explores the aesthetic interpretation of the consequences of colonialism, the totalitarian system, and their impact on national consciousness and identity. The study concludes that N. Maukenuly is a true national poet capable of reviving the national idea deeply rooted in the nation’s self-awareness.

Abish Kekilbaev and the rhetorical tradition

A.D. Kabylov — 2025-03-30

Poetry and eloquence are the spiritual heritage of ancestors who valued the word. Oratory, rooted in oral literature, evolved into written form and became a defining artistic and ideological quality of modern literature. Abish Kekilbaev preserved this tradition, enriching it with wit and expressive passages. Studying his work in the context of oratorical heritage remains a relevant topic in contemporary scholarship. Kekilbaev’s contributions to Kazakh literature, particularly in prose and journalism, are significant. His mastery lies in blending artistry with eloquence, creating expressive, complex narratives. His novels Pleiades – The Constellation of Hope, Flashes, and The End of the Legend vividly reflect the Kazakh oratorical tradition and linguistic ingenuity. This article examines Kekilbaev’s rhetoric and eloquence in literature, journalism, and speeches. Through specific examples, it explores the secrets of eloquence in fiction and spoken language, highlighting its role in shaping the national rhetorical tradition and educating future generations.

Linguistic presentation of common rituals in the folklore of Turkic peoples

М. Мuratkyzy — 2025-03-30

The article aims to analyze ethno-cultural language units, which should be considered as a part of the national code in family ritual folklore, as both linguistic and cultural codes. During the study of folkloric heritage, the category of "ritual" in the social sphere, which holds a high level of importance based on national knowledge in the lives and history of Turkic nations, has been comprehensively examined. When examining the poetic structure of this family ritual folklore, it was emphasized that not only the ritual words related to a specific ritual but also the process of performing ritual ceremonies are embedded in the depths of the language of family ritual folklore. By examining the works of various researchers and comparing the mythological views of world nations, it has been evaluated that the ritual system, which is divided into three sections today, originally consisted of a single cycle according to the concept of "rites of passage". The concepts of humans’ birth, the transition from one form to another, or to another world, were considered. This article also evaluated whether the original nature of rituals has been lost or made invisible through transformation in the process of contemporary cultural development.

Studying baksy in Kazakh literature

A.B. Sailaukhan — 2025-03-30

The article analyzes the baksy (clergyman in Tengrism), considered representative of the Tengrism era, and the problem of its study in Kazakh science. The necessity and benefits of the baksy are examined, as well as the works of researchers who contributed to the definition of the professional personality of the baksy. It is known in science that traditions such as pre-Islamic theology, Mithraism, Zoroastrism, and shamanism are little studied and analyzed, and are of interest to society. Starting from the Turkic period, the assessments and conclusions given by famous scientists to this belief, which has its place in the formation of the Kazakh people as a nation, are differentiated, and the features of the baksy are critically analyzed. The authors used hermeneutic, descriptive, historical narrative, and historical-axiological methods when they considered it necessary to study in domestic science one of the pre-Islamic beliefs of the Kazakh steppe - baksy. As a result, it was assessed and weighed that the attitude towards the ancient art of baksy has changed today. In addition to knowledge of the history of the religious worldview, the integrity of the religious worldview is also important. At the same time, it has its significance in strengthening national identity.

Technical capabilities of automated audio description

D.M. Akizhanova — 2025-03-30

The scientific research is a description of the features of using resources and programs for automated translation in the context of the work of audio description translators. The presented positive arguments in favor of using these digital technologies to improve the effectiveness of the translator’s work in all fields of activity, including socially oriented translation, help to analyze the automated audio description process as a whole. The paper contains a comparative analysis of popular resources for automated translation and describes their characteristics. Recommendations are given on the use of these digital resources in the practice of an audio description translator, as well as the prospects for their development and the relevance of their use for the development of professional competencies of an audio description translator. The interpretation of the specifics of working with resources and programs for automated audio description translation is proposed.

Pragmalinguistic experiment in literary translation (based on the translation of J. Rowling's Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone)

A.S. Beibitova — 2025-03-30

In contemporary research on literary translation, pragmalinguistic experiments focusing on the interaction between language and culture play a significant role. The article examines the importance of pragmalinguistic experiments in the process of translating literary texts. The main objective of our research is to identify the characteristics of pragmatic adaptation in translating literary works, taking into account linguistic and cultural specifics. The significance of conducting pragmalinguistic experiments in the field of literary translation lies in developing methodologies that account for pragmatic adaptation in translation practice. This methodology includes a comprehensive approach to text analysis based on the theories of pragmatics and linguistics.

The main findings of the research indicate that literary translation requires not only linguistic accuracy but also the ability to convey the pragmatic meaning and intent of the author. The proposed results highlight the need for a deep understanding of cultural context and communicative norms to achieve a high level of equivalence in translation. The study broadens the understanding of the interaction between language and culture by integrating methods and approaches from translation studies and pragmalinguistics.

A Linguacultural Dimensions in the Translation of Khaled Hosseini's Narratives

A. Islam — 2025-03-30

This article examines the linguacultural challenges involved in translating Khaled Hosseini's literary works, specifically “The Kite Runner”, “A Thousand Splendid Suns”, “And the Mountains Echoed”. These novels, deeply embedded in Afghan and American cultural contexts, are characterized by rich linguistic and cultural elements such as realia, idiomatic expressions, code-switching, and culturally specific references. Translating these features into Russian and Kazakh presents significant challenges, requiring a balanced approach to preserve the authenticity and thematic depth of the narratives. The translation analysis is based on linguacultural approach, drawing on the linguistic theory of translation and the cultural turn in translation studies. This dual framework allows for a detailed analysis of foreignization and domestication strategies employed in the target texts. The findings highlight the crucial role of culturally sensitive translation in maintaining the integrity of the source text and identify the effective translation practices for multicultural literature advancing the development of literary translation. Its practical implications extend to enhancing cross-cultural dialogue, fostering global empathy, and refining translation strategies within multicultural literary contexts.