Bulletin of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. PHILOLOGY Series

Translation and Analysis of the First Word of Abai’s Book of Edification

2025-09-23T09:16:03+00:00

This article presents, for the first time, a precise transcribed text of the first word (söz) of Abai’s Book of Edification (Ğakliya kitaby), rendered from the Arabic script (tote zhazu) of the Tugrul manuscript into Cyrillic. Through detailed textual work, a comparative analysis of the Tugrul and Mursayit manuscripts has been carried out, revealing significant discrepancies in their lexical, phonetic, morphological, and semantic features. Based on the original manuscript, a new Russian translation is proposed, accompanied by a comparative review of previously published translations, including Viktor Shklovsky’s version (Edification), the joint translation by Klara Serikbayeva and Rollan Seisenbayev (The Book of Words), Satimzhan Sanbayev’s translation (Words of Edification), and Yerbol Zhumagulov’s version (Edification). For the first time, a number of phrases from Abai’s text are introduced into academic circulation that had previously been misread or misinterpreted. For instance, the widely cited expression yntymaqtasa almasa was shown to be, in fact, inanmaqqa salmasa. Furthermore, the study reveals that several loanwords – such as “uugalownai” (criminal), “dazdania” (investigation), “soot” (court), “abrazauania” (education), “uezdny nashalnik” (district chief), “gubernatordyn naznasheniesi” (appointment of the governor), kandidatymen (with the candidate), ystarshyn (elder), and “zirebemenen” (by lot) – were incorporated in a manner consistent with the phonetic harmony (synharmonism) of the Kazakh language.

Audio description’s use in the process of foreign language teaching

2025-10-04T09:02:16+00:00

Audio description is a crucial field focused on providing access to information and communication for individuals with visual impairments. The following article explores the concept of audio description and training methods for translators in this specialized area. The relevance of this research is driven by the methodological and practical significance of audio description as a technique in foreign language education. The aim of the study is to demonstrate that audio description as a form of audiovisual translation can serve as an effective method for teaching foreign languages and fostering students’ creative abilities. The article outlines the characteristics of audiovisual translation, details the process of employing audio description techniques to enhance foreign language learning and argues for its potential in education. The innovative aspect of this research lies in defining audio description as a linguodidactic approach to creating artistic verbal description, narration or commentary for films. Consequently, applying audio description allows students to showcase their language skills reflecting their level of language proficiency and cultural knowledge. As a pedagogical tool audio description significantly contributes to developing the professional communicative competence of future specialists.

The nature of translating English phytocomponent idioms

2025-09-13T02:40:19+00:00

Idiomatic expressions with phytocomponents, formed based on a nation's culture, history, and everyday life, occupy a distinctive place in the phraseological system of any language. The article examines scholars' perspectives on the naming and classification of phraseological units in Kazakh, Russian, and English, as well as analyzes the translation of phytocomponent idioms from English. It is well known that conveying figurative fixed expressions with implicit meanings is one of the complex challenges in translation studies. This is since phytonyms included in idioms may carry symbolic meaning in one language while not being used in the same way in another. Such features require the use of various translation strategies such as literal translation or adaptation. For the purposes of this study, a set of idioms with phytonymic components was selected from authoritative lexicographic sources (Oxford Dictionary of Idioms, English–Russian Phraseological Dictionary by A.V. Kunin, Russian–English Dictionary of Idioms by S. Lubensky, English–Kazakh Dictionary of Idioms by U. Kenesbaeva, and the Phraseological Dictionary of Kazakh Language by I. Kenesbaev). The selection was guided by the following criteria: the presence of a phytonymic component as a core element of the idiom, frequency of occurrence in major English lexicographic sources, availability of recorded Russian and/or Kazakh equivalents, cultural or semantic significance for cross-linguistic comparison.

During the research, translations of English phytocomponent idioms into Russian and Kazakh were compared, contrastive analyses were made, their translational equivalence was analyzed, and specific recommendations were provided. The importance of considering lexical, semantic, and cultural equivalence in the translation of phraseological units containing phytonyms was emphasized. The results of the research provide insights into the cultural connections and differences between languages.

Challenges and strategies in the translation of proper names

2025-06-23T08:29:21+00:00

Proper names (PNs) pose significant challenges in translation due to their cultural, historical, and linguistic significance. This study explores strategies for translating proper names across different languages, focusing on empirical data and theoretical models of research. The methodology involves a structured review of academic literature and case studies from Kazakh, Russian, English, and Chinese texts in both literary and formal genres. Our analysis is based on the translation strategy framework proposed by Newmark and extended by Fernandes, including transliteration, semantic translation, adaptation, and substitution. Findings show that proper name translation is highly context-sensitive: while legal and academic texts require standardization and transliteration, literary texts allow greater flexibility through adaptation and localization. Particular attention is given to Kazakh toponyms and anthroponyms, where inconsistencies in rendering affect both meaning and international comprehensibility. This study concludes that translating proper names requires balancing source-language fidelity with target-language readability and cultural relevance. Translators should apply context-aware strategies and align with national transliteration standards and international publication norms. The study concludes that proper name translation depends heavily on textual function, audience expectations, and the cultural load of the name itself.

The impact of metacognitive methods in teaching Abai’s Words of Edification: application experience in higher education (preliminary study)

2025-09-13T05:47:59+00:00

The article examines the importance of teaching Abai’s Words of Edification in higher education through the use of metacognitive methods. Its primary aim is to enhance students’ metacognitive skills while fostering personal growth and critical thinking. Metacognition, as a key concept in modern education, plays a vital role in improving cognitive processes and the overall quality of learning. The research includes an ascertaining experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of metacognitive approaches when teaching Abai’s texts and proposes a methodological model for developing students' self-awareness and reflective abilities. The study involves the analysis of theoretical foundations, scientific literature, and practical applications related to metacognition. A Likert-scale questionnaire was used to assess students’ metacognitive awareness, with both quantitative and qualitative data analyzed. Findings revealed that integrating metacognitive strategies significantly improves students’ abilities in self-regulation, reflection, goal setting, and critical thinking. The implementation of the proposed pedagogical model demonstrated its effectiveness in a higher education setting, highlighting the value of using metacognitive methods in literature instruction. Overall, the study confirms that applying a metacognitive approach to the study of Abai’s Words of Edification supports the development of deeper, more conscious learning and promotes students’ intellectual and personal development.

The Kazakh folklore corpus: scientific approaches and research perspectives

2025-09-13T05:33:52+00:00

In line with the main strategy of our country aimed at the digitalization of the humanities, in recent years, there has been a growing interest in creating textual databases. This trend is recognized as part of global developments of contemporary importance.

This article explores the opportunities for scientific text analysis and research offered by the development of “The Kazakh Folklore Corpus.” The study aims to analyze the significance of systematizing samples of Kazakh oral literature through corpus linguistics methods in order to identify their linguistic, structural, and semantic features. The main areas of the study include the collection of texts, their digitization, morphological and semantic annotation, concordance creation, and statistical analysis of linguistic units.

The scientific significance of the research lies in establishing the prerequisites for building a linguistic corpus database that enables the study of Kazakh folklore at a new level, analyzing its textual structures using modern methodologies, and introducing the rich layers of the language into academic circulation. The key results include the presentation of a corpus model of Kazakh folklore texts and the demonstration of its potential for comprehensive linguistic analysis. This study opens up a new research space in Kazakh linguistics by adapting the theory and practice of corpus linguistics to national folklore and contributes a methodological basis to the development of Kazakh folklore studies.

The cognitive character of proverbs and sayings about life in Shakarim's poems

2025-05-12T12:42:16+00:00

The article is devoted to the analysis of the cognitive function of proverbs and sayings in Shakarim Kudaiberdiuly's poems. The study reveals their role in education, the transmission of cultural and moral values, as well as in the formation of a national worldview. The purpose of the scientific research is to analyze proverbs and sayings in Shakarim's poems and determine their role in promoting values and strengthening national ideological foundations in human life. The article examines the structure and essence of paremiological units, their semantic features and their impact on the social and spiritual context. The scientific significance of the research lies in understanding the national character of proverbs and sayings in Shakarim's poetry and forming a new approach to literary heritage from the point of view of linguistic cognition. And the practical significance is characterized by the definition of the possibility of using these proverbs in the modern education system. The methodology uses textual analysis, comparative historical method, case study and conceptual-logical approach. The results obtained confirm that Shakarim's proverbs and sayings contribute to understanding the meaning of life, moral education, and the pursuit of knowledge and work. The practical significance of the work lies in its application in the field of linguistics, ethnolinguistics and youth education.

Peculiarities of the concept “State” in Kazakh and English paremiology

2025-09-18T10:58:18+00:00

The article considers the place of the concept “State” in the linguistic consciousness of representatives of Kazakh culture. Every state possesses distinct characteristics reflected in its language and culture. Kazakh proverbs, in particular, serve as a key resource for understanding the linguocognitive essence of the concept of “State”. The general and specific directions of association, indicating the national specificity of national conceptual frameworks are revealed. A linguocognitive examination of the concept of the "State" in Kazakh proverbs and sayings helps uncover historical and cultural layers within the collective consciousness. Kazakh proverbs, embodying the shared wisdom and experience of the people, place significant emphasis on the notion of the "state," highlighting its crucial role in upholding order, justice, and stability. In Kazakh culture, the State is closely connected with governance, defense, the economy, and the legal system. These cognitive aspects highlight the state’s enduring role as a vital institution dedicated to safeguarding societal welfare. The study of Proverbs reveals that the Kazakh people view the state not merely as a political and legal entity but also as a key part of their social identity and cultural legacy.

The functional role of mental lexicon in language learning

2025-09-17T06:12:27+00:00

The mental lexicon plays a pivotal role in language acquisition, serving as the internal system where words are stored, accessed and connected. Strengthening lexical networks through techniques such as semantic mapping, learning in context, and repetition can significantly improve retrieval efficiency and overall language proficiency. This paper investigates how the mental lexicon is structured in native Kazakh speakers, examines its role in the language learning process, and proposes strategies to enhance vocabulary acquisition. Drawing upon research from cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics, and neurolinguistics, we examine how mental lexical organization develops with increasing language competence and explore the challenges learners face during word retrieval. An experimental study involving native Kazakh speakers was conducted to observe how words are associated and retrieved in their mental lexicon. The results offer new insights into the mechanisms of language processing and provide practical recommendations for improving vocabulary teaching. By analyzing associative responses, we aim to uncover the internal structuring of the Kazakh mental lexicon, contributing to psycholinguistic theory and revealing the cognitive patterns underpinning language use in the Kazakh-speaking context.

The Esoteric Nature of Letters and Language in Nasimi’s Hurufi Poetics

2025-09-16T16:10:28+00:00

This article examines the esoteric function of letters and language in the poetic universe of Imadaddin Nasimi, situating his work within the symbolic framework of the Hurufi doctrine. The research identifies a total of 26 unique letter combinations used by the poet. Among these, 7 are muqattaʿat—disjointed letters found at the beginnings of certain Qur’anic surahs—and 19 are encoded combinations based on Hurufi principles. Each of these structures is analyzed from semantic, abjad (numerological), and esoteric perspectives. The study reveals that letters in Nasimi’s poetry are not mere linguistic units but sacred symbols embodying divine realities, metaphysical truths, and ontological mysteries. His usage of muqattaʿat letters infuses his poetry with Qur’anic resonance and mystical depth, while Hurufi codes reflect a synthesis of divine speech, cosmic order, and the Perfect Human (al-Insān al-Kāmil). Nasimi conceives of language as a tool of gnosis, where each letter serves as a gateway to inner truth. Through the mystical interplay of form, sound, and meaning, he constructs a symbolic system that bridges earthly and divine realms. Thus, the esoteric nature of language in Nasimi’s poetry positions him as a central figure in both the Hurufi intellectual tradition and the wider heritage of Islamic metaphysical thought.

National code in the traditions of the Kazakh people

2025-09-18T11:08:56+00:00

The article examines the national code embodied in Kazakh traditions and its manifestation in the linguistic worldview through a linguocultural lens. It highlights how cognition, being, customs, and traditions embody the essence of cultural values within the worldview of an ethnos. Kazakh traditions, seen as a national code, preserve historical and cultural heritage and serve as one of the key spiritual values of the people. In this sense, tradition functions as the genetic code of the Kazakh nation. Within linguistics, the anthropocentric paradigm examines the interconnection of language, culture, and human experience, linking language to centuries of collective knowledge, cognition, and cultural memory. The study of linguocultural cognition and the national code is essential for understanding cultural identity, worldview, and the unique character of a nation through its linguistic data. Accordingly, the article’s main aim is to identify customs and traditions that embody the cultural values of the Kazakh people as a national code. In this research, linguistic units connected with Kazakh customs and traditions were analyzed.

Cultural representative subcorpus: the importance of preserving national cultural and cognitive units in the digital space

2025-09-16T11:30:06+00:00

The article discusses the structure and significance of the cultural-representative subcorpus and its role in preserving and presenting national cultural and linguistic units in the digital space. The electronic National Corpus of the Kazakh Language is an important and reliable informational resource for the development of the national language and culture. The cultural-representative subcorpus within the corpus is considered not only as a tool for a deeper understanding of the ethnocultural development of the Kazakh ethnicity, its spiritual and material values, ethnographic and cultural-cognitive concepts, but also as an important cognitive mechanism reflecting the unifying function of the linguistic heritage. The aim of the article is, based on the scientific foundations of Kazakh ethnolinguistics, to define the creation of the cultural-representative subcorpus within the National Corpus of the Kazakh Language (NCKL) and to determine ways to study and preserve national culture, traditions, historical and social aspects through a digital platform that accumulates linguistic and cultural values of the Kazakh language. The composition, structure, and application methods of the subcorpus are also presented, and its importance in education and scientific research is demonstrated. The research object is the cultural-representative subcorpus within NCKL and the linguistic and cultural materials of Kazakh ethnolinguistics collected therein.

Associative Reflection of Ethnocultural Concepts in Linguistic Consciousness

2025-09-18T11:11:45+00:00

The article examines the structure and content of ethnocultural meanings in the Kazakh language. The purpose of the study is to identify the semantic field of ethnocultural concepts fixed in Kazakh linguistic consciousness, as well as to systematize their attributive, synonymous, and evaluative characteristics. The research objectives included conducting an associative experiment to reveal the respondents’ primary associations with the given words; analyzing the obtained data in terms of frequency and percentage ratios; disclosing the cultural and symbolic meaning of each ethnocultural concept; and determining positive and negative evaluative connotations in linguistic consciousness. The study was conducted in February 2025 with the participation of 150 respondents, during which associations related to 12 ethnocultural concepts were analyzed. As a result, the multifaceted meanings of ethnocultural concepts in the Kazakh language were identified, as well as their connection with national historical memory and spiritual values. Furthermore, the study provided data contributing to a deeper understanding of the ethnocultural system of the Kazakh language and the scientific systematization of the linguistic expression of national culture. The results of this study showed that ethnocultural concepts are firmly preserved in the linguistic consciousness of Kazakh youth, and their symbolic, historical and value significance are still relevant.

Linguocultural and cognitive features of Kazakh and English toponyms

2025-08-21T14:27:57+00:00

The article presents a comparative linguistic analysis of the linguocultural and cognitive features of toponymic units in the Kazakh and English languages. The study focuses on the names of natural and geographical entities that hold cultural and cognitive significance in both nations. Toponyms in Kazakh and English are shaped by distinct historical, social, and environmental contexts, and their semantic features reflect a range of culturally encoded meanings. The article systematically examines the concept of toponymic conceptualization, its linguistic realization, and its role in constructing national identity. The primary objective is to explore toponymic concepts as cognitive structures that encapsulate ethnocultural values, thereby revealing culturally specific aspects of the Kazakh and English worldviews. Through the collection, classification, and comparative analysis of geographical names, the study identifies shared and divergent cognitive patterns between the two linguistic communities. Using a linguocognitive approach, the analysis of key toponymic concepts such as ауыл (village), атамекен (native land), дала (steppe), төбе (hill), and су (water) demonstrates how toponyms function not only as place names but also as carriers of national consciousness and cultural memory. The findings underscore the significance of toponymy as both a nominative and cognitive-cultural phenomenon, contributing to a deeper understanding of the linguistic worldviews of the Kazakh and English peoples.

Decolonial discourse and gender representation

2025-09-14T06:09:04+00:00

This article explores the intersection of decolonial discourse and gender representation in Kazakh literature, emphasizing that a gender perspective is essential for understanding freedom, individuality, and social justice as cultural categories. The study aims to trace the transformation of the female image in Kazakh literature through decolonial methodology, gender analysis, and feminist critique. It shows that during the Soviet period, gender dimensions were strategically used to legitimize colonial domination. By engaging with decolonial feminism, the article reconsiders the functions of female images within historical, social, and cultural contexts, identifying distinctive features of their representation across colonial and postcolonial periods and underscoring the lasting effects of Soviet gender policies.

Attention to local particularities reveals how patriarchal and colonial practices intersect, shaping women’s status and identity. The findings suggest that integrating decolonial and feminist approaches deepens our understanding of gender equality in contemporary society and allows for critical reevaluation of established literary interpretations of female figures. The originality of the study lies in its synthesis of decolonial methodology and feminist critique, offering new avenues for scholarly inquiry. The results are relevant not only for literary studies but also for broader research on social and cultural modernization.

The Sacred Motif in the Poems of Magzhan Zhumabayuly

2025-09-13T05:57:54+00:00

This article explores the manifestation of the concepts kie, tylsym (mystery), and sacredness, which stem from ancient beliefs and remain embedded in collective consciousness, through the poetic works of Magzhan Zhumabayev. The discussion begins with an overview of definitions and interpretations of kie, emphasizing its cognitive foundations and artistic significance. In the Kazakh worldview, kie represents a mystical force attributed not only to natural sites and phenomena—mountains, land, water, caves—but also to animals, birds, and exceptional individuals. Having evolved from mythological narratives into folklore and later into written literature, sacred motifs acquired diverse aesthetic and cognitive functions. These are vividly exemplified in Zhumabayev’s poems Batyr Bayan, Korkyt, The Koby of Koilybay, and On the Cliff of Okzhetpes. In Batyr Bayan, the sacred motif is embodied in Abylai Khan, whose spiritual strength was believed to strike down opponents, and in Burabay, his symbolic stronghold. In Korkyt, sacredness emerges through the Altai Mountains and Korkyt-ata; in The Koby of Koilybay—through the shaman Koilybay with his mystical powers; and in On the Cliff of Okzhetpes—through Pir-baba, aligning with the poet’s worldview. The article demonstrates how sacred motifs serve both as artistic devices and as cultural codes, preserving the spiritual heritage and historical memory of the Kazakh people.

The cognitive aspect of rhetorical figures in the works of Kazakh orators

2025-09-13T05:38:01+00:00

This article examines the role and significance of rhetorical figures in the works of Kazakh orators across various contexts, highlighting their connection to Kazakh linguistic cognition, which developed alongside and was shaped by national consciousness. It demonstrates that rhetorical devices serve as essential tools for education, moral upbringing, and the formation of a proper worldview. Particular attention is given to the orators’ use of persuasive strategies, including parallelism, rhetorical questions, and inversion, employed both individually and in combination to create rhetorical effect. Seven types of parallelism are identified and analyzed, revealing their distinctive features and diverse applications in Kazakh oratory. The study shows how repetition, pairwise comparison, and emphasis on different qualities can produce complex and holistic expressions of thought. Furthermore, the article situates Kazakh oratory within the broader field of global linguistics, reviewing scholarly perspectives on the terminology and methods of constructing rhetorical figures. Through specific examples, it explores the cognitive dimensions of rhetorical usage in Kazakh oratory and offers relevant conclusions.

Abai’s Concept of the “Moral Personality” through the Lens of Trauma Studies

2025-09-14T03:54:46+00:00

This article examines the after-effects of historical and social trauma preserved in the collective memory and unconscious of the Kazakh people through Abai Kunanbaev’s concept of the “moral personality.” Drawing on trauma theory, the authors analyse the spiritual crisis, moral degradation and erosion of the national code that emerged under colonial oppression and trace their manifestations in contemporary Kazakhstani society. The theoretical frameworks of Z. Freud, J. Alexander, R. Eyerman and C. Caruth are employed to interpret Abai’s literary images and motifs in the context of collective and historical trauma. Abai’s notion of the “moral personality” is presented as a key mechanism for spiritual healing and the preservation of national identity. A comparative analysis of the spiritual-moral condition of Kazakh society in Abai’s era and today reveals the long-term consequences of collective trauma, its recurrence and its intergenerational transmission. The synthesis of modern research methods allows Abai’s oeuvre to be re-evaluated as a spiritual resource capable of treating the nation’s collective trauma.

Historical and artistic elements in the images of A. Baitursynuly and Zh. Zhanibekov (based on the work of S. Seifullin "The Thorny Path")

2025-09-13T05:56:21+00:00

This article offers a comprehensive analysis of Akhmet Baitursynuly’s literary portrait based on Saken Seifullin’s memoir‑chronicle novel The Thorny Path (Tar zhol, taighaq keshu), elucidating the historical‑aesthetic facets and ideological content of the image. The object of the study is the figure of A. Baitursynuly and the public activity of Zhanuzak Zhanibekov in the context of the socio‑political transformations of early‑twentieth‑century Kazakh society. It aims to determine the authorial concept, map the intersection of historical truth and spiritual values, and reveal the role of these two actors in shaping national consciousness. Methodologically, the research employs historical‑literary, comparative and documentary analysis, complemented by textual‑comparative procedures to identify narrative strategies and techniques of character construction. Primary sources include the newspaper Kazakh, archival documents and contemporaneous periodicals. The findings show that Seifullin expresses respect for Baitursynuly and provides veiled positive evaluations in his writing; the editorial work of Z. Zhanibekov at Kazakh significantly contributed to consolidating national ideas. The study substantiates the historic role and public impact of the newspaper as a shared ideological platform linking the two figures. Overall, the article proposes a model for integrated analysis of a historical personality in literature and expands the methodological toolkit for examining the literary portrait and authorial concept.

Artistic and ideological features in the epic story “Leyli and Majnun”: based on the versions by Nizami and Shahkarim

2025-05-28T14:37:20+00:00

The epic story of “Leyli and Majnun” is a prominent work of Eastern literature, renowned as a symbol of love and tragedy. This article provides a comparative analysis of the epic story of “Leyli and Majnun” according to the versions by Nizami and Shahkarim, focusing on their artistic and ideological characteristics. The study explores the different approaches to the theme of love in the works of both poets, the depiction of social constraints and human freedom, as well as the interplay between Eastern literary traditions and Kazakh worldview. Special attention is given to the poetic language of Nizami’s version and the national coloration added in Shahkarim’s translation, alongside the philosophical depth of thought. The purpose of this research is to explore the creative harmony between Eastern and Kazakh literature through the two versions of the epic "Leyli and Majnun." The objectives include uncovering the main ideas, philosophical, and moral values of the poem as seen in Nizami’s and Shakarim’s interpretations; comparing the concepts and perspectives on love across different eras and cultures; analyzing the poetic style and structural features in the works of the two poets; studying the origin of the poem and its connection to the cultural and social conditions of its time.

Kazakh toponymic legends and motives in China

2025-09-06T10:22:18+00:00

This article explores the toponymic legends preserved among the Kazakh diaspora in the People’s Republic of China, highlighting their role in sustaining ethnic identity and collective memory. The Kazakhs, with a rich folklore tradition dating back to ancient times, have long associated myths and legends with place names. The study focuses on legends from the Altai, Ili, and Tarbagatai regions, analyzing their content, structure, and cultural significance. These narratives not only describe geographical objects but also convey historical events, heroic figures, and key moments of the past. The article attempts a typological classification of the legends, examining their poetic structures, character systems, and cognitive features. Attention is also given to the broader historical and cultural context in which these texts function, underscoring their importance in preserving linguistic, historical, and spiritual identity. Drawing on oral accounts and ethnographic research collected among Kazakhs in China, the study demonstrates that toponymic legends are a vital cultural phenomenon reflecting the ancient worldview and values of the Kazakh people, while contributing to the development of Kazakh toponymy.

Spiritual harmony in the works of Shakarim Kudaiberdiuly and Yunus Emre

2025-09-13T05:50:18+00:00

Among the Turkic peoples, many prominent figures have made significant contributions to the development of science, education, culture, and literature. Their works often reflect shared spiritual and philosophical ideas. This scholarly article compares the literary heritage of Kazakh poet Shakarim Kudaiberdiuly and 13th-century Turkish poet Yunus Emre, highlighting thematic similarities in their writings. A brief overview of each poet’s biography is provided. The article explores commonalities between Kazakh and Turkish literature and emphasizes the continuity of literary traditions shared by both cultures. Shakarim, a key figure in Kazakh literature, and Yunus Emre, who played a major role in the development of Turkish poetry, both addressed themes such as spiritual purification, inner harmony, and the search for truth. Their works serve as a reflection of the moral and philosophical values of the Turkic world. The main goal of this study is to identify the cultural and spiritual connections between Kazakh and Turkish literature through a comparative analysis of the two poets’ works. The findings contribute to literary and Turkological research and can be used in courses on the history of Kazakh and Turkish literature, in Shakarim studies, and in seminars focusing on both authors.

Didactic and philosophical character of psalms (rubay, ghazal) on the theme of Islam

2025-09-14T03:51:35+00:00

The article examines the works of Syr region poets, focusing on the genres of rubai and ghazal, which promote moral and spiritual education. It is concluded that Eastern poetry, through the nazira tradition, significantly influenced the thematic, generic, and stylistic development of Kazakh literature. The study analyzes the reflection of moral and spiritual values in the poetry of T. Iztileuuly, Sh. Umary, and S. Bekshentaevich, where diverse character traits are interwoven with ethical issues. Rubai and ghazal, central genres in Eastern poetry, embody deep philosophical, lyrical, and didactic meanings. Syr poets skillfully mastered these traditions, emphasizing spiritual values, human qualities, and religious themes. Their quatrains, though brief, express profound and complete thoughts in a poetic structure shaped by Eastern influence. The poets’ works highlight universal virtues such as kindness, honesty, and compassion, guiding readers toward self-knowledge and moral growth through faith in Allah. Ultimately, rubai and ghazal in Syr poetry are presented as an artistic continuation of literary tradition, fostering cultural harmony and spiritual integrity.

Folklore Genre and Text Modifications

2025-09-18T11:02:31+00:00

Contemporary folklore studies are evolving as an integrative science, expanding their conceptual frameworks. In the context of globalization, analyzing the complex and multidisciplinary nature of folklore from a new perspective is increasingly important. Central to this is the concept of the folklore text, which differs from both literary texts and everyday discourse due to its unique, polyphonic structure. A folklore text is shaped by distinct principles, modes of existence, and cultural memory, setting it apart as a unique phenomenon. From a semiotic perspective, it functions as a set or combination of signs that convey cultural meaning. This article aims to explore the differentiation and integration of folklore genres within classical and post-folklore contexts. It highlights the functional and pragmatic aspects of genre classification and emphasizes a semiotic approach to analyzing folklore texts. Additionally, it considers models of post-folklore genres within the broader framework of modern culture.

The image-informational model of the tragic character in Kazakh dramaturgy (based on the research of Rymgali Nurgali)

2025-09-14T03:53:31+00:00

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the manifestation, function, and artistic nature of the concept of image—one of the key categories in contemporary humanities—within the art of tragic drama. The nature of tragedy is explored in connection with the national worldview, while the internal and external structure of the dramatic character and its semantic depth are examined as image-based technologies. These insights form the core of the article and pave the way for a reinterpretation of the tragic image in the aesthetic and communicative space of Kazakh drama. The study proposes new methodological approaches at the intersection of imagology and literary studies, and outlines a scientific model for understanding the structure of the tragic character through the lens of artistic imagery, personal-informational, and hermeneutic-communicative perspectives. The article aims to interpret the essence of national dramaturgy within the framework of modern scholarly concepts, drawing on the works of the dramatist and literary scholar, academician Rymgali Nurgali, to analyze the image-informational nature of tragic characters in dramatic works.

Dramaturgy Formation and Development of the Turkic Peoples in the North Caucasus Region

2025-09-23T09:13:05+00:00

This article examines the emergence and development of dramatic works among the Turkic peoples of the North Caucasus, including the Nogai, Karachay, Balkar, Gagauz, Kumyk, and Crimean Karaites. It analyzes the formation of early small-scale dramatic forms, their recording in manuscripts, the appearance of genres, and the beginnings of stage art within these communities. Particular attention is given to the artistic level and content of early plays, their cultural and spiritual ties with the Kazakh people, and the transmission of national-ethnic ideas through dramaturgy and theater. The study employs contemporary theoretical and methodological approaches in dramaturgy and theater studies to explore genre features, conflicts, characters, and artistic methods. It also addresses stage representation, acting techniques, and the specifics of theatrical interpretation in comparative perspective. The connection between manuscript traditions and modern professional theater is discussed within a new scientific paradigm. The article emphasizes the significance of Turkic dramaturgy and theater in fostering cultural interaction and highlights the lack of international, interstate-level research on this subject.